PROCEDURES Skin specimens were harvested within 2 hours after euthanasia and tested within 6 hours after harvest. %PDF-1.5 Neste mesmo The mechanical profile of the three types of sutures estudo, Urbaniack et al (16) demonstraram que em humanos, analyzed was similar, depending on the number of stitches, a flexão ativa dos dedos contra uma resistência moderada the type and number of knots and the kind of line used. Concerns were raised that gentamicin sponges dipped in saline 1-2 s prior to application may have lost the gentamicin into the saline, thereby reducing their efficacy and that some surgeons may have been unfamiliar with wound closure with sponges. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine wound complication rates following the use of suture materials and staples for skin closure at caesarean section (CS). references was assessed by means of responding a brief questionnaire with 10 questions, which assured the appropriateness of the citations. Read full-text. Conclusion: cluded needle types, 35 used curved needles and 10 straight needles. factors predicting this phenomenon among family caregivers of dementia patients, with the ultimate purpose of gaining insights to explain how and why it emerges. The methodological quality of included studies will be appraised accordingly. Specimens were mounted in a calibrated material testing machine and distracted until suture line failure. This allowed us to evaluate mechanical differences between looped and non-looped sutures for polyamide, which are commonly used in flexor tendon repair. Some sutures are double-armed; they are armed with two needles, one at each end of the thread. ...................................................�� !�" �� This suture is degraded by hydrolysis. In this technique the suture is secured with an initial knot and successive tissue bites are taken. Current studies indicate that quality of life improves after sex reassign- ment surgery. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were predominantly isolated from infected wounds in all the trials except the one from USA, where infections were polymicrobial. PROSPERO CRD42017070189. Plus de cours de médecine : Instruments utilisés en chirurgie .pdf; Surgery can be classified based on the urgency and need to perform the surgery. Monofilament, Multifilament Sutures and Barb Sutures Searches were undertaken using Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science up to and including May, 2016 to identify potential studies. Spécialité : La Chirurgie. The drop-out rates, insofar as they were given, ranged from 12% to 77% (median: 56%). The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. Women who had SS were at 6.93 times higher risk of wound infection than those who had PGA sutures (p=0.014). Absorbable sutures include :- Polyglycolic Acid sutures, Polyglactin 910 , Catgut, Poliglecaprone 25 and Polydioxanone sutures. These newer strategies expand the versatility of sutures from being used as just a physical entity approximating opposing tissues to a more biologically active component enabling delivery of drugs and cells to the desired site with immense application potential in both therapeutics and diagnostics. Sutures should be evenly spaced, and tension should be evenly distributed along the suture line. - Support de Cours (Version PDF) - Figure 21 : Propriétés du Gore-Tex II LES COLLES CHIRURGICALES Elles ont pour but de suturer de façon simple et atraumatique. ���� Adobe d �� C In group I (n=10 tendons), 2 separate figure-of-eight sutures were applied. Nylon. A total of seven papers met the a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria of this review. (�� Section III addresses the topic of diagnostic pathology, providing a well-reasoned … ��������j=濐�O�x�+����Gj�:*�G����g'����������I/��?4��o�s6��X�Kx^R?��h�h�샗�8� �G�S.EύgǤ1ǏƏ�D�&��H� �l��+���y"8� �C��p�� ��� Different types of sutures available for a wide variety of surgeries based on absorption, braiding structure, dyeing and coating materials. (�� The constructs were tested under increased cyclic loading recording both forces applied and suture construct lengthening ("clinical gapping") and ultimate breaking strength. A randomised controlled trial on suture materials for skin closure at caesarean section: Do wound infection rates differ? �]M>) simple sutures are placed in succession without tying or cutting the suture material after each pass. Types of Sutures - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. They can be further sub-classified into synthetic or natural sutures, and monofilament or multifilament sutures. Sutures can be divided into absorbable sutures, non absorbable sutures, mono filament, multi filament, natural and synthetic sutures according to their type of material, raw material used, absoprtion nature. Types of Surgery. Three properties of a suture material affect its handling: memory, elasticity and knot strength. Elles favorisent l’hémostase locale, renforcent les sutures et assurent l’adhésion tissulaire. The luminal diameter of the stent-implanted urethra was assessed by follow-up retrograde urethrography, and histologic findings were obtained after the dogs were killed. We additionally meet the expense of variant types and also type of the books to browse. Limitations will mainly arise from the heterogeneity in the diagnostic of HF. To investigate the tensile strength of repaired flexor profundus tendons in young lambs, which would be equivalent to repairs in children older than 2 years of age. They are used therefore in many of the internal tissues of the body. PDO biodegradable stents were placed in the proximal and distal urethra of nine male mongrel dogs. Les fils de sutures .pdf Par - Santé Zone on - octobre 13, 2018. The findings of this review provide insight into catalysing the paradigm shift from 'reducing stress' to 'optimising positive experience' in developing caregiving support services for dementia, and may guide future empirical study to explain this unique dimension of caregiving experience. Natural suture materials include silk, linen, and catgut, which is actually the dried and treated intestine of a cow or sheep. For prognosis data, the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool will be used. A continuous running suture is the preferential method for abdominal closure. To determine the effect of axial torsional forces on sutures used in abdominal closure. There are many different types of sutures, with the most commonly used one called the interrupted suture. Sutures that only have one thread are called monofilament. (�� All of the studies were judged to be at moderate to high risk of bias. Broadly, sutures can be classified into absorbable or non-absorbable materials. Catégorie : Cour de médecine. A database in MS Excel format, recording the most important items derived from the selection process, was obtained. /Length 25027 Methods: In order to avoid the loss of key papers, each selection was performed by duplicate. Results: Their protein composition can elicit the most Sutures size 1 and curved needles were used most often. The effect of axial twisting on polydioxanone (PDS*II), polyglactin (Vicryl), polypropylene (Prolene) and nylon (Ethilon) sutures was investigated using a uniaxial testing device. All tendons were repaired with a 4-strand repair technique using 4/0 polypropylene core sutures. Percentage of skin apposition did not differ among the 4 patterns. ?Z�(��Dq�I�#�~-��=��r���h�W��0f�4�EGki�&?�������!��g� �աƵ�}V��H�\F>�������z�k�[������Ϧ�����>��u 6�����1�~=E�� /Height 545 Materials and methods: DESIGN Randomized trial. Gentamicin resistance among common pathogens causing SWIs can vary from 15 to 80%. The ideal suture is the smallest possible to produce uniform tensile strength, securely hold the wound for the required time for healing, then be absorbed. Extensive Literature Search on the bioavailability of selected trace elements in animal nutrition: I... Unravelling positive aspects of caregiving in dementia: An integrative review of research literature. Today SMI is recognised as a world-wide supplier of quality surgical sutures and medical devices. Tissue response to suture materials,     . LIGATURES ET SUTURES BAMAKO Other factors influencing wound infection rates included: rupture of membranes >12 hours were 13.7 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9 - 47.9, p. OBJECTIVE To compare suture placement time, tension at skin separation and suture line failure, and mode of failure among 4 suture patterns. All rights reserved. Methods: Needles are made of stainless steel alloy, which allows, to a certain extent, bending without breaking. The maximum tensile force withstood for untwisted sutures was determined: polydioxanone failed at a tensile force of 116.4±0.84 N, polyglactin failed at 113.9±2.4 N, polypropylene failed at 71.1±1.5 N and nylon failed at 61.8±0.5 N. Twisting decreased the maximum tensile force of all sutures; one complete twist per 10 mm (i.e., 15 twists) decreased the tensile strength of polydioxanone by 21%, polyglactin by 23%, polypropylene by 16% and nylon by 13%, p<0.001. sutures and it has good suture handling characteristics. Those who had nylon sutures as opposed to PGA sutures were 9.5 times more likely to experience wound infection (p=0.055). Une suture monofilament naturelle. Most papers answered data quality questions well, with the exception of the justification of the sample size, which was only correctly addressed in a reduced number of articles (<10%). A polyamide looped suture doubles the number of core strands for every needle path. Suture materials and subsequent,          ,           ,     ,       , Setzen G, Willams EF. �ς����潨i�t��σ������n���Z"�6���K9l{�y���O�b���i{V&��M[��G�~�/�ȿUQ@Š(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(����("yeuH�e�� ��{�6�m���pɨ��}�;~X{�����3�뒭ߋ�ı���bD)����GK�B\�!����R��� {����I�:\��R�T��d&;hϲ�S]tCm Altogether, more than 484 papers were found using the reported search; of these, 7 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The ELS process is based on several consecutive screening steps to accurately select articles which comply with the inclusion criteria. Purpose: The dogs were euthanized 4 weeks (group A; n = 3), 8 weeks (group B; n = 3), or 12 weeks (group C; n = 3) after stent placement. The key instruments and materials used for intraoral suturing are presented. Read PDF Guide To Sutures Guide To Sutures Right here, we have countless ebook guide to sutures and collections to check out. CoG*"��*cO�����Akmoi���/ݎ4 Download full-text PDF. Given the importance of surgery within the specialty of Obstetrics and Gynecology it is crucial to understand the process of wound healing and the suture available to surgical repair. Conclusion: Systematic review registration: ! This study will report and summarize epidemiology data, as well as the economic burden of HF in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents of LMICs. However, these were robustly refuted by the authors. Les sutures peuvent être divisées en deux types: celles qui sont résorbables et qui se décomposent de manière inoffensive dans le corps au fil du temps sans intervention et celles qui ne le sont pas et doivent être retirées manuellement si elles ne sont pas laissées indéfiniment. One RCT showed a significant reduction in superficial infections in 2005, a follow-up trial by the same group in 2009 showed a reduction in deep infections as well. Synthetic Absorbable Sutures: Braided filaments - polyglycolic acid (P.G.A), PGA is absorbed by hydrolysis (hydrophobic), good tensile strength (resist muscle pull), bacterial growth inhibition, mild tissue reaction, and resorption rate from 21 to 28 days. There were no significant differences between group B and group C. The average inflammatory cell infiltration did not differ significantly in the three groups. RESULTS Mean suture placement time for the cruciate pattern was significantly less than that for other patterns. SAMPLE 60 skin specimens from the pelvic limbs of 30 purpose-bred Beagles. Mattress sutures a. *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./.�� C The customary book, fiction, history, novel, scientific research, as well as various new sorts of books are readily clear here. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB Surgical Mesh Dolphin Mesh is the brand name of surgical mesh manufactured by Futura Surgicare. However, the most recent multicentre RCT conducted on 1052 patients showed no benefit of gentamicin-collagen sponges in elective surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve surgery) in high-risk patients with diabetes, obesity or both. (�� Methods: Types The choice of continuous suture depends on the operator’s preference. Tensile strength, tissue reaction and capability to be absorbed are other important characteristics of the suture material. /BitsPerComponent 8 There are various types of surgery and they can be classified based on different parameters. Synthetic sutures are made from a variety of textiles such as nylon or polyester, formulated specifically for surgical use. Types of Sutures Sutures are classified based on their structure, what they are made up of, and whether or not they are absorbable. /Width 420 In other categories (e.g., "freedom from pain", "fitness", and "energy"), some of the studies revealed worsening after the operation. Seven different questionnaires were used to assess postoperative quality of life. In group C, PDO stents were completely decomposed. Stent placement was technically successful in all dogs. Surgical sutures are used to facilitate closure and healing of surgical- or trauma-induced wounds by upholding tissues together to facilitate healing process. 6 0 obj Discussion: These differences between sutures may impact choices for a suture type selected for these repairs. Results: Based on Timing. SMI: Surgical sutures of the highest quality SMI AG was established in 1987 - the first Belgian company manufacturing surgical sutures - since then it has grown continuously. The effective tensile strength of such sutures remains high over time. The approximation of wound edges can be made with natural or synthetic suture, mono or multifilament. Il permet de mieux rapprocher les chairs, ce qui favorise la cicatrisa/on et diminue le risque de Surgeons should be aware that this can result in a decrease in suture strength and reduce the elasticity of the material, and therefore need to adapt their practice to reduce the torsional force placed on sutures. We conclude that most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed with gentamicin-collagen sponges for sternal closure. Les fils de sutures . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested external skin sutures may be preferred for closure of incisions under tension to reduce risk of dehiscence. Results: The average luminal diameter gradually decreased. �� � } !1AQa"q2���#B��R��$3br� The available studies are heterogeneous in design. The overall wound infection rate was 7%. Suture placement time and percentage of skin apposition were evaluated. (�� This systematic review and meta-analysis will be reported following the PRISMA guidelines. Using machined steel rods to hold our suture constructs, we compared four different knot configurations using looped and non-looped sutures in 3-0 and 4-0 varieties using a four-core strand technique. These, too, can be periosteal or nonperiosteal: 1. An 8-cm incision was made in each specimen and sutured with 1 of 4 randomly assigned suture patterns (simple interrupted, cruciate, intradermal, or subdermal). produz força de 1.500g, aproximadamente 15N. The purpose of our study was to create a biomechanical model used to evaluate the bulky knot of a looped suture as it may be weaker, resulting in greater deformation. A p value less than 0.05 will be considered significant for factors that predict mortality. This article is protected by copyright. The symmetry of funnel plot and Egger's test will be used to identify publication bias. All tendon repairs were tested to single-cycle tensile failure. (�� (��9�s�.��[�@�+�\BvJ����k����� �C����二{�����M����0t/�:�4V�2]����t����V�k���3�k{d��Ἇ�U�d��fֱF���Y�x�S҇R�����j��~��T�]��ꊭcykkݕ�s� ���5f����( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��( ��()M��j�:=��ڄ� ��'�愮��;x�Y�X�A�fl =I�*][U�T�g�{=-[lګ//�"����MԼc2^��e�)���4��/� �OmQ[Đ��*���^��dk/C3@�4�ݢ����s,��J}Y���j)jmݔ�[Q@Š(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��� ��ڝE qW���.��� �k�����+Oþ%��KI"{-N��s�"{�Q�] `��Ö���6��� ���$�� Q�W̥���ֱ7�+���Ewk~���m��C�o����� �ƦQ�妘�QE!�Q@Q@Q@Q@Q@Q@Q@Q@Q@%��k6z�׷�ǝ�ă/+�����&ݐ��k�Ն�bo/�8'lq'/+vU�`��%����hǜ����R�y�_�'�-��. The findings of the studies permit the conclusion that sex reassignment surgery beneficially affects emotional well- being, sexuality, and quality of life in general. Sutures are made from both man-made and natural materials. /Subtype /Image Classification of Sutures Absorbable al tic Silk Natural tic Nylon Propylene Polyester SS Titanium al tic Plain Gut Chromic Gut Vicryl PDS Non-Absorbable Available in two types: a. Dexon®: Non-toxic coating or uncoted, violet or undyed. This paper provides a description of a model to evaluate various suture materials and knot strengths in isolation of the tendon itself. At each tissue bite, the needle is rotated through the tissue; in doing so, the suture can twist around the knot which acts as an anchor. La stérilisation est faite soit par irradiation, thermiquement ou chimiquement. Conclusion: To investigate the inflammatory reaction and perform quantitative analysis of biodegradation after placement of a polydioxanone (PDO) biodegradable stent in a canine urethral model. Knowledge), and the resulting references were managed by using the open-source reference tool DistillerSR© systematic review software. Two out of four RCTs showed a significant benefit of the implant in a reduction in superficial and deep SWIs in routine and emergency cardiac surgery. Sutures are used to close wounds … RESULTS: A total of 1 100 women was assigned randomly into 3 groups: polyglycolic acid (PGA) suture group (N=361), skin staple (SS) group (N=373) and nylon suture group (N=366). The overall rate of significant AVN in 441 patients (538 hips) was 10% at a mean length of follow-up of 7.6 years (5-18.8) following closed reduction. �F�(��(��(��(��(��(��(��(��*9e��Y]R5,� P���q�[9f{]��[�_���b%?�Hx^j1���Y�Q�`ѭ��XX ��2��U���G2���_�XE��^Am��p���n_h&C�o5I��Y��4�� Flexor tendon repair in zone II remains a vexing problem. Among many others, additional types of sutures include running sutures and mattress sutures. Pour télécharger : CLIQUEZ ICI. A comprehensive search of articles published between January 01, 2000, and December 31, 2017, will be performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Index Medicus, and Web of Science. Quelques exemples de sutures non résorbables peuvent être trouvés ci-dessous. These studies were conducted with surgical sutures of various types, including absorbable, non-absorbable, monofilament and braided materials [19,20], such as Vircyl, silk, and catgut, providing evidence of the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential The number of trans women in each study ranged from 3 to 247. An overall summary estimate of prevalence/incidence of pediatric HF across studies will be obtained from study-specific estimates pooled through a random-effect model. /Filter /DCTDecode Terminology — A number of terms are used to describe the properties of various types of sutures. The physical configuration of a suture describes whether it is monofilamentous (Prolene or Ethilon) or multifilamentous (silk). mystery of placing and tying sutures. The question addressed was: Are antibiotic implants like gentamicin-collagen implants useful in preventing sternal wound infections (SWIs)? However, two-knot 3-0 looped suture constructs did resist the force generally accepted as occurring with early non-resistive tendon motion protocols, while two-knot 4-0 looped suture constructs did not. Is contraindicated in bleeding duodenal, ,      ,           , MacLean AB, MacLean SB. There are many different types of sutures, just like there are many different kinds of procedures and injuries. There was no difference in respect of number of patients, age, parity and gestation between the study groups. A systematic search of the literature was undertaken in the databases OvidMedline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus, using the keywords 'care* AND Alzheimer OR dementia AND 'positive aspect' OR 'positive experience' OR 'positive perceptions' OR reward OR gain OR 'satisfaction with care*' OR 'care* satisfaction' OR benefit OR uplift OR meaning OR enjoyment OR pleasure OR growth OR hope OR gratification. We utilized 30 flexor profundus tendons of young lambs with a width of 4 mm. The residual tensile strength of a polyglactin 910[4] suture is consistently greater than that of polyglycolic acid suture. Mean tensile strength at skin-edge separation and suture-line failure for the simple interrupted and cruciate patterns were significantly higher than those for the intradermal and subdermal patterns. Format : PDF. This finding can be used to inform the feasibility of future intervention studies, and act as a baseline for which surgeons to compare their results to a 'standard'. Data quality from all Elective Surgery; The name “elective” might imply that this type of surgery is optional, but that’s not always the case. Sutures of biological origin like plain and chromic catgut are gradually digested by enzymes in the tissue, whereas absorbable sutures fabricated from synthetic materials like polyglycolic acid are hydrolyzed via the kreb’s cycle. The effect of excessive twisting on the mechanical properties of sutures is a previously unrecognised phenomenon. $4�%�&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz�������������������������������������������������������������������������� ? Excessive twisting caused a nonlinear decrease in suture strength, with one twist per 75 mm (i.e., 20 twists) of polydioxanone decreasing strength by 39%, P<0.001. frequency of AVN after more than 5 years of follow-up in children that underwent closed reduction at younger than 2-years of age for DDH. Objectives: Another group has shown a reduction in deep and superficial SWI with gentamicin implant, in an RCT on 800 patients, however have not published details of the complete trial. Independent sling suture 2. In group II (n=10 tendons), simple locking sutures were added to the corners of 2 separate figure-of-eight sutures. A biomechanical study of pediatric flexor profundus tendon repair. Non-Absorbable sutures include :- Polypropylene sutures, Nylon (poylamide), Polyester, PVDF, silk and stainless steel sutures. Multifilamentous sutures come in braided and twisted types. Tensile strength at skin-edge separation and suture-line failure and mode of failure were compared among the 4 patterns. On … %���� It has drawbacks like poor knot security and poor stability in alkaline environment. Molecular weight losses were 54% in group A and 84% in group B. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists for qualitative and cohort studies were used to evaluate data quality. >> During continuous periods of cyclic loading, we measured permanent deformation and ultimate breaking strength. Repair techniques have been developed to strengthen and optimize the number of core strands crossing a repair. Narrative data synthesis was undertaken using the five-stage Whittermore and Knafl method. suture material by the layer-by-layer method. In most cases, three weeks is sufficient for the wound to close firmly. Polypropylène (Prolène). %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz��������������������������������������������������������������������������� The use of locking sutures increases the tensile strength to values that may allow protective mobilization in children. Comparison of tensile strength among simple interrupted, cruciate, intradermal, and subdermal suture patterns for incision closure in ex vivo canine skin specimens, Polydioxanone Biodegradable Stent Placement in a Canine Urethral Model: Analysis of Inflammatory Reaction and Biodegradation, Use of gentamicin-collagen sponges in closure of sternal wounds in cardiothoracic surgery to reduce wound infections, Suture materials - Current and emerging trends, Nonanastomotic Rupture of a Woven Polyester Graft Caused by a Tacking Stitch After Aortic Arch Replacement, Biomechanical Evaluation of Double-Strand (Looped) and Single-Strand Polyamide Multifilament Suture: Influence of Knot and Suture Size, Torsion of monofilament and polyfilament sutures under tension decreases suture strength and increases risk of suture fracture, Quality of Life Following Male-To-Female Sex Reassignment Surgery. One RCT showed that gentamicin sponges may cause increased sternal rebleeding if used in double layers. This suture can be supplied in an antibiotic form by impregnating with triclosan. This simplifies repairs, but the knot remains a potential weakness. Actuellement, la plupart des sutures sont faites avec du fil synthétique depuis l'interdiction du catgut à la fin du XXe siècle à la suite de la crise de la vache folle. �� � w !1AQaq"2�B���� #3R�br� Types of sutures A. Absorbable Sutures Are made of materials which are broken down in tissue after a given period of time, which depending on the material can be from ten days to eight weeks. It was concluded that 4 mm-wide pediatric flexor tendons allow a 4-strand repair and the use of 4/0 sutures. There are two types of sutures, absorbable and non absorbable sutures. The primary mode of failure for the simple interrupted pattern was suture breakage, whereas that for the cruciate, intradermal, and subdermal patterns was tissue failure. Results: The line of stitches is completed by tying a knot after the last pass at the end of the suture line. All cross-sectional, cohort studies and case-control studies reporting on the prevalence, incidence, etiologies, treatment, prognosis, admission rates, mortality, and economic burden of HF in pediatric populations in LMICs will be included in the review. Their mean age was 39.9 years (range: 18-76). /Type /XObject Gentamicin-collagen is unlikely to reduce SWIs in high-risk patients and polymicrobial infections. An experimental study in a canine urethral model has demonstrated acceptable inflammatory reaction with gradually increasing granulation tissue but no luminal obstruction within 12 weeks. O�E����z����#I? Polyglactin 910 sutures Within the constraints of this model, a looped suture fared worse than a non-looped suture especially when comparing 4-0 and 3-0 sutures. ��b�* << pdf. Four-strand 3-0 and 4-0 looped sutures failed at 39.9 and 27.1 N faring worse than a four-strand non-looped suture which reached a rod separation of 2 mm at 60.7 and 41.3 N. The ultimate breaking strength demonstrated absolute failure (construct rupture) with the 3-0 looped suture breaking at the knot at 50.3 N and the non-looped suture at 61.5 N. For the 4-0 suture, these values were 32.4 and 41.76 N. These single-thread sutures easily pass through the skin. Sutures, or stitches, are a way to close an open wound to speed healing and usually to ensure the least possible amount of scarring. Heterogeneity of studies will be assessed by the χ2test on Cochrane's Q statistic. Hematologic examination was performed to evaluate inflammatory reaction. Determining the association between the procedure efficacy and the needle types was difficult because various types of needles were used during the UCSs; thus, we focused on the differences among suture types. Monofilament vs Multifilament. In group III (n=10 tendons), the locked cruciate repair was used. NATURAL SUTURE MATERIALS Natural sutures are made from animal or plant materials. incidence, etiologies, treatment, and outcomes including hospital admission and mortality and economic burden of HF in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents in LMICs. The search strategy was formulated with key-concepts and keywords identified using the patient problem, intervention, comparison and outcome process. This review outlines and discusses the current and emerging trends in suture technology including knotless barbed sutures, antimicrobial sutures, bio-active sutures such as drug-eluting and stem cells seeded sutures, and smart sutures including elastic and electronic sutures. Recently, there is a growth in the development of classes of suture materials based on their properties and capabilities to improve tissue approximation and wound closure. 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